Muffler



s. PQWELL 1,735,789

Nov. 12, 1929.

' MUFFLER Filed Aug. 2?, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 341mm {301/ HWM M who M al l r l I a r I l l A 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 H. POWELL MUFFLER Filed Aug. 27,1926 Nov. 12, 1929,

Patented Nov. 12, 1929 HERBERT S. POWELL, OF 'U"I.I(' 11, NEW YORKMUFFLER Application filed August 27, 1926. Serial No. 131,877.

My invention relates to a mufiier and I declare the following to be afull, clear, concise and exact description thereof suficient to enableanyone skilled in the art to which it appertains to make a (1 use thesame, reference being had to the .ccompanying drawings in which likereference characters refer to like parts throughout the specification.

The object of the invention is to provide 19 a device that will mufllethe sound incident to the discharge of the exhaust gases from an 7internal combustion engine and at the same time to prevent anyappreciable degree of back pressure on the engine. To this end, the

.15 the mufller embodies an expansion chamber,

where the gases are received immediately they come from the engine. Thischamber is constructed in such manner that there is little or noobstruction to the passage of the gases.

The next succeeding chamber, however is equipped with small aperturesadapted to segregate the gases. From here they pass into still anotherchamber provided with a tube leading direct to the atmosphere as well asa pocket that will cause part of the gases to take a tortuous coursebefore leaving the muffler through the tube aforementioned. 4

The object will be understood by referring.

to the drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a central vertical section of themufiler showing parts in full.

F i 2 is a detail perspective View of a cup employed. Fig. 3 is a detailperspective view of another form of cup employed. Fig. Pis adetail'perspective view of still another form of cup employed.

Fig. 5 is a side elevation of a fragment of the mufiier showing amodified manner of attaching a pipe thereto.

Fig. 6 is a central vertical section of the mufiler showing the"modified manner of attaching a pipe thereto.

Fig. 7 is a central vertical section showing the means for forming abead in the pipe attached in the mufiier.

Referring more particularly to the draw-- a in'gs, the device embodies aseries of cupshaped members 1 that. are nested together by flaring outthe edge of each cup, except the first to form a seat 2 for thereception of the base of the preceding cup. .End member 5 having anannular flange 6 is used to close the end of the mufiler at which theexhaust gases enter and end member 7 having an annular .flange 6 is usedto close the end at which the exhaust gases escape to the atmosphere.Cup

1 adjacent end member 7 has no base part as the others but only alateral wall 8, which fits snugly against annular flange 6 of member 507. Two stay rods'lO, 10 disposed at diametrically opposite positions andprojected through suitable apertures formed in end members 5 and 7 andthrough a ertures in the bases of cups 1 are used to ho d the sev- 5eral cups 1 and end members 5 and 7 together. Rods 10 are headed at oneend, as at 12 and threaded at the other for the reception of nuts 13.

End member has a large central aperture through which projects pipe 14for conducting the exhaust gases to the mufller. The surface of endmember 5 adjacent said central aperture is formed on an angle or bevel.Pipe 14: is spinning or otherwise fastened in an air tight manner to endmember 5 by forming an annular bead 15 adjacent end 16 and then pressingend 16 down flat against the inner surface of end member 5, therebycreating an annular flange 17-to seal the joint. 30 @utlet pipe 20 issmaller in diameter than inlet pipe 14 and is united to the end member 6in an air tight manner by spinning or otherwise fastening the partstogether. This is done by forming annular beads 21 and 22 in pipe 20-and pressing them against the opposite sides of end member 6. Moreover,pipe 20 extends for some distance into the interior of the muffler tothe extent of a little more than three cups as hereinafter described.

The interior of the mufiier is divided generally into three chambers.The first providing an expansion chamber and comprising the spaceoccupied by the first four cups 5 1. To this end the bases of the firstthree cups 1 are equipped in each instance with large central apertures25. Said apertures are so large that only a narrow rim 26 is left aspart of the bases of said cups 1'. j

The base 27 of the fourth cup 1 is equipped with small apertures 30 madeby punching holes therethrough, whereby conical flanges 31 areformedabout said apertures. Flanges 31 extend in the direction ofprogress of the 5 gases and will aid in disseminating the heat incidentthereto. Likewise, the bases 27 of the fifth and sixth cups are punchedwith 'smallrapertures 30 having conical flanges 31. The bases 27 of thefourth, fifth and sixth cups 1, therefore, being provided with saidsmall apertures 30 having conical flanges 31, form the second chamberwhich tends to break up and segregate the oncoming exhaust gases. Fromthis second chamber, the gases will pass to the third, or last chambercomposed of the last four cups 1, through which extends outlet pipe 20.The bases 27 of three of said cups 1 are provided in each instance witha central aperture 32 a little larger than go the diameter of pipe 29,whereby said pipe can be projected through said aperture 32 and yetleave a little space between the edge 35 of said apertures 32 and theside of pipe 20 forthe passage of exhaust gases. This space will besuflicientto allow part of the exhaust gases to pass therethrough into adead pocket from7wh1ch they will rebound and escape eventually throughoutlet pipe 20. A

large part of said exhaust gases, however, progress directly from thesecond chamber v through pipe 20 in an unimpeded manner to theatmosphere.

In operation, the exhaust gases w1ll enter the muflier by way of pipe14.

36 On entering, they will have a chance to expand throughout the firstchamber composed of the first four cups 1 of the muflier. The ases willprogress then to the second chamiier composed of the next two cups 1both of which as well as the base ofcup 1 through which the gases enterthe second chamber. are equipped with small apertures 30 having conicalflanges 31. As the gases enter the third chamber, part will progressdirectly to atmosphere through pipe 20 and part will enter the pocketforlrhd the last three cups and the wall of pipe 20 from whence theywill rebound and eventually escape by way of A pipe 20. 1 It may beadvisable to attach entrance pipe 14 at an angle, as shown in Figs. 5and 6.

In order to attach said pipe by spinning to end member 5, an oval shapedaperture is made therein. A' bead 40 is formed on pipe 14 at an angle toa horizontal plane by using a tool 41 provided with an open recessed end42 having the annular wall thereof slit to form fingers 43 adapted tospread under the pressure of a wedge 44. Furthermore, a bead projectingmember 45 is attached to each of the fingers 43, in such manner that theseries form an annular ring adapted to form a head as 40. r Having thusdescribed-my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure byLetters Patent is as follows: c

1. In a mufller for explosive en ines built of a plurality of cups, achamber or the ex pansion of the exhaust gases, said chamber beingequipped with a plurality of cups having unperforated peripheral flatflanges forniing central apertures for the passage of said gases, saidflanges being disposed in alignment with each other, whereby the centralapertures will provide a substantially unobstructed passage for saidgases, and other cups equipped with a plurality of apertures, whereby tobreak up and segregate the exhaust gases, and means for causing part ofsaid gases to rebound before reaching the atmosphere.

. 2. "In a muflier for explosive engines built of a plurality of cups; achamber for the expansion of the exhaust gases, said chamber beingequipped with a plurality of cups having peripheral fiat flanges, saidflanges forming central apertures for the passage of said gases, saidflanges being disposed in alignment with each other, whereby the centralapertures will provide a substantially unob structed passage for saidases, other cups equipped with a lurality 0 small apertures, whereby tobrea up and segregate the exhaust gases and a dead pocket for permittingpart of said exhaust gases to rebound before escaping to the atmospherefrom second named se 'es of cups.

3. In a mufller for explosive engines built of a plurality of cups, achamber for the expansion of the exhaust gases, said chamber beingequipped with a lurality of cups having unperforated perip eralflatflanges forming central apertures for the passage of said .gases, saidflanges being disposed in alignment with each other, whereby the centralapertures will provide an unobstructed passage for said gases, a secondchamber equippedflwith a plurality of cups having small apertureswhereby to break up and segregate the exhaust gases, and a third chamberhaving a pipe with an unobstructed passage therein progecting into saidthird chamber whereby to allow for the passage of part of the exhaustgases directly to the atmosphere. 4, In a mufiler for explosive en inesbuilt ofa plurality of cups, a chamber or the expansion of the exhaustgases, said chamber being equipped with a lurality of cups havingperipheral flanges orming central apertures for the passage of sa1dgases, said flanges being disposed in alignment with each other, wherebythe central apertures will provide a substantially unobstructed assagefor said gases, a second chamber 'equlpped with a plurality of cupshaving small apertures, whereb to break up and segregate said gases anda t ird chamber equipped with a plurality of cups and having a pipeextending therein, the cups of said third chamber havin apertures,whereby to allow part of the ex aust gases to pass to the atmosphere. 5.In a mufller for explosive engines built of a lurality of cups, and endmembers, a v a cham er for the expansion of the exhaust gases, saidchamber being equipped with a plurality of cups having peripheralflanges forming central apertures for the passage of said gases, saidflanges being disposed in m alignment with each other, whereby thecentral apertures will provide a substantially unobstructed passage forsaid gases, a second chamber equipped with a plurality of cups havingsmall apertures, whereby to break up and segregate the exhaust gases,the

third chamber having an outlet pipe extendin therein, whereby toermitvpart of said ex aust gases to reach t e atmosphere, said thirdchamber forming'a pocket, whereby to cause the remaining part of saidexhaust gases to rebound be ore reaching the atmosphere and annularbeads formed in said out-- let pipe, whereby to aid in fastening. saidpipe to one of said members to form an air I I 2/tlght joint.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature,

HERBERT S. POWELL.

